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Biochemistry

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Blood Sugar Tests

This set of tests provides a complete evaluation of your blood glucose levels and helps in diagnosing diabetes, monitoring blood sugar control, and assessing metabolic health.
Included tests:

  • FBS (Fasting Blood Sugar): Measures blood glucose after fasting; used for diagnosing diabetes.

  • RBS (Random Blood Sugar): Measures glucose anytime; helps assess blood sugar control.

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Lipid Profile

This test panel evaluates your blood fats and cholesterol levels to assess cardiovascular health, detect early signs of heart disease, and monitor lipid control.
Included tests:

  • Cholesterol: Evaluates total cholesterol for heart disease risk.

  • Triglyceride: Measures triglycerides; linked to heart and liver health.

  • HDL Cholesterol: “Good cholesterol,” helps remove excess cholesterol.

  • VLDL Cholesterol: Carries triglycerides; high levels may raise heart disease risk.

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Liver Function Tests

  Liver Function Tests

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These tests assess liver and bile duct health, detect liver damage, monitor enzyme activity, and evaluate overall protein levels to support diagnosis of liver, gallbladder, and metabolic disorders.
Included tests:

·        Bilirubin Total: Measures overall bilirubin for liver/bile health.

·        Bilirubin Direct: Conjugated bilirubin; shows liver excretion ability.

·        Bilirubin Indirect: Unconjugated bilirubin; linked to RBC breakdown.

·        AST (SGOT): Enzyme for liver and heart health.

·        ALT (SGPT): Enzyme mainly for liver function.

·        ALP: Related to bile ducts, liver, and bones.

 

·        Gamma GT: Enzyme linked to bile duct and liver.

·        Total Protein: Measures protein levels in blood.

·        Globulin: Immune-related protein.

·        Albumin: Main blood protein; reflects liver/kidney health.

·        Ammonia: High levels suggest liver dysfunction.

 

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Kidney Function Tests

These tests evaluate kidney health and filtration efficiency, helping to detect early kidney damage, monitor chronic kidney disease, and assess overall renal function.
Included tests:

  • Creatinine: Assesses kidney function and filtration efficiency.

  • Urea: Waste product; high levels indicate kidney problems.

  • BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen): Evaluates kidney and liver function.

  • Uric Acid: High levels may indicate gout or kidney disease.

  • Cystatin C: Sensitive marker for early kidney dysfunction.

  • NGAL (Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin): Early biomarker for acute kidney injury.

  • β2 Microglobulin: Reflects kidney filtration and some immune disorders.

  • Micro Albumin in Urine: Detects small amounts of albumin; early kidney disease marker.

  • Creatinine Clearance: Measures kidney filtering capacity.

  • GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate): Main indicator of overall kidney performance.

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Enzymes & Other Tests

These tests check enzyme activity, mineral levels, and other key markers to support the diagnosis of metabolic, infectious, and pancreatic disorders, as well as to monitor nutritional and immune status.
Included tests:

  • LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase): Enzyme linked to tissue damage and cell turnover.

  • Zinc: Mineral essential for immunity, wound healing, and growth.

  • ADA (Adenosine Deaminase): Enzyme useful in tuberculosis and immune evaluation.

  • Copper: Important for blood health, bones, and nervous system.

  • Lipase: Enzyme to evaluate pancreatic function.

  • Amylase: Enzyme for pancreas and digestion assessment.

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Specialized Test

Specialized tests are performed to evaluate specific conditions such as fertility, metabolic anomalies, or other unique physiological markers that require targeted investigation.
Included test:

  • Semen Fructose: Measures fructose in semen; important for fertility testing.

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Serum Electrolytes

This panel evaluates essential minerals and electrolyte balance in your blood, helping monitor hydration status, kidney function, nerve and muscle function, and overall metabolic health.
Included tests:

  • Serum Osmolality: Measures the concentration of dissolved particles in blood; assesses hydration and fluid balance.

  • Mg (Magnesium): Essential mineral for nerve, muscle, and bone function.

  • Ca (Calcium): Important for bones, muscles, and heart function.

  • K+ (Potassium): Key electrolyte for heart and muscle activity.

  • Cl (Chloride): Maintains acid-base balance and fluid levels.

  • Na+ (Sodium): Critical for fluid balance, nerve, and muscle function.

  • Ca-ionized: Biologically active calcium; important for muscle and nerve activity.

  • Phosphorus: Mineral important for bone health, energy production, and metabolism.

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Cardiac Marke

This set of tests evaluates heart muscle function and detects cardiac injury. It helps in diagnosing heart attacks, heart failure, and other cardiovascular conditions, as well as monitoring recovery and cardiac stress.
Included tests:

·        NT-Pro BNP: Marker for heart failure; indicates cardiac stress.

·        Myoglobin: Early indicator of muscle injury, including heart muscle.

·        Troponin I: Highly sensitive marker for heart muscle damage.

·        Troponin T: Detects cardiac muscle injury; critical for diagnosing myocardial infarction.

·        CK-MB: Enzyme specific to heart muscle damage.

·        BNP: Indicates heart failure and ventricular strain.

·        CPK (Creatine Phosphokinase): Enzyme released with muscle injury; helps detect cardiac or skeletal muscle damage.

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